This shrub is … It is hardy to zone (UK) 2 and is not frost tender. They are superficially similar to many maple leaves, but have a somewhat wrinkled surface and impressed venation. It is noted for attracting wildlife, especially birds which benefit from the fruit, which can remain on the branches well into mid winter. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Community Engagement and Preparedness (CEP) Program, http://www.ascr.usda.gov/ complaint_filing_cust.html. Wildlife benefits from the plant's fruits that remain on the shrub into winter. This self-fertile selection is a dense bush in the Viburnum family that produces edible berries in autumn. It is also known as Viburnum trilobum, and commonly as American cranberry bush. This institution is an equal opportunity provider. Highbush cranberries are confusing, first, as they aren’t really a cranberry at all, as true cranberries are in the blueberry family or Vaccinium which makes small low-growing bushy plants, while highbush cranberry … The arching stems create a dense, rounded form. Leaves: Opposite, simple, 3-lobed and 2 to 4 inches long. The flavor and appearance of the fruit from highbush cranberry plants is a lot like true cranberries. Grows in hardiness Zones 2 through 7. Raf. Some love the pungent odor that reminds them of fall’s approach while others find it positively rank. It does not begin to produce fruit until approximately five years of age. … Opulus is the European relation, commonly called “guelder rose” in those parts. There are several fact sheets about the Viburnum leaf beetle on the web, including these two by Cornell Cooperative Extension and UMass Extension: Above Photos: Highbush cranberry shrubs in central Maine defoliated by Viburnum leaf beetle larvae. They are glossy dark green in the summer but often change to yellow-red or red-purple in the fall. A dwarf form, 'Compactum', is available. In North America, the highbush cranberry stretches from British Columbia east to Newfoundland, south to Washington state and east to northern Virginia, with an isolated population in New Mexico. For many years, American cranberry bush has also been commonly called highbush cranberry. High Bush Cranberry. VIBURNUM TRILOBUM, Highbush Cranberry 1 gallon This easy-to-grow shrub does well in average soils with plenty of moisture and full sun or part shade. americanum), also known as American cranberry bush, is confusingly not actually related to the cranberries we love to eat around the holidays (i.e., Vaccinium species). The many branches are covered with small glossy tri-lobed leaves. Sometimes it’s called viburnum opulus var. Viburnum opulus var. This publication made possible through a grant from the USDA Forest Service. The fruit of this species is so bitter that I think it is stretching the truth to call it edible. trilobum; Viburnum trilobum; Description. American Highbush Cranberry, also known as Viburnum trilobum, is a common shrub of moist soils in about 3/4s of Minnesota. Highbush cranberry plants are showy in spring when the flowers bloom against a backdrop … Common Name: highbush cranberry, American cranberry bushScientific Name:  The highbush cranberry is actually not a cranberry at all, though its fruit, or ‘drupes’ as they are known taxonomically, strongly resemble cranberries in both appearance and taste. North Dakota tree handbook.USDA NRCS ND State Soil Conservation Committee; NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration, Bismarck. Species: . Prefers well-drained to moist soil in full sun or part shade.Adaptable to soil pH.Flowers on old wood, prune after flowering.Moderate tolerance of aerial salt spray. American Viburnum; Cranberry Viburnum; Highbush Carnberry; Previously known as: Viburnum opulus ssp. The native Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) is smaller than Nannyberry, but a remarkable wildlife shrub all the same. Highbush cranberry has a moderate growth rate of up to 1 metre per year (3'). The distinctive orange-red berries of highbush cranberry lend this species its common name. Here is a list of some very good questions we have received over the years, with answers provided from UMaine Extension Specialist in Ornamental Horticulture and retired Professor of Sustainable Agriculture, Dr. Lois Berg Stack. Viburnum trilobum – A highbush cranberry species native to the northeastern United States. With all of the leaves already consumed, these larvae were feeding on the bark and inner branch layers! You will often see “highbush cranberry” listed for sale under its old name, Viburnum trilobum, so many people have had the unfortunate experience of discovering that what they purchased was the European form when they were hoping for the American form. Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum OR Viburnum opulus var. Highbush cranberry tolerates most soil types, frost, and drought. The high bush cranberry is sometimes called Viburnum opulus var. The fruits are extremely tart but sweeten after a frost. European Highbush Cranberry Viburnum opulus. Rightmost image shows four Viburnum leaf beetle larvae feeding on one of the branches. Not a true cranberry, highbush cranberry is just as tart. Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry blooms in spring with white clusters of tiny florets, surrounded by larger florets. Both are native to North America, but the highbush cranberry is a Viburnum, a member of the Caprifoliaceae, or Honeysuckle family, in contrast to the ‘true,’ or lowbush cranberry, which is a Vaccinium, a member of the Ericaceae—Heather or Heath—family. should contact the responsible State or local Agency that administers the program or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. The two plants are quite different, however. I prefer to call this plant "bad highbush cranberry" because that name is instructive to the forager. Highbush Cranberry is also known as Squashberry, Mooseberry, Moosewood Viburnum, Lowbush Cranberry, Few-flowered Highbush Cranberry… apart.]. Plentiful spring blossoms benefit pollinators, and the fruits of Highbush Cranberry will persist into the winter, adding bright red highlights to a stark landscape. HIGHBUSH CRANBERRY - VIBURNUM OPULUS Common Name: . Herman, D.E., et al. The clusters are 2 to 3 inches across, with an outer ring of larger, sterile flowers. The trees can survive this injury, however, and can go on to leaf out normally again the following year. opulus), an introduction from Europe that's been widely planted as an ornamental and escapes cultivation. White flowers are followed by red "cranberry-like" fruit. opulus) and designated Viburnum opulus var. They are located mostly in north temperate regions and in tropical mountains. ‘Wentworth’, ‘Andrews’, and ‘Hahs’ are three varieties that are examples of the better-tasting, American form (americanum) versus the European form (see note below). They are an excellent substitute for cranberries and are likewise used in preserves, jams/jellies, sauces, etc., which make delicious condiments for meat and game. They also mature in the fall, as cranberries do. Other: berries tart, but edible, extract of bark used medicinally. At one time the American Cranberrybush Viburnum was knows as Viburnum trilobum. (Viburnum trilobum) General Description A large, leggy, poorly branched native shrub found in wooded, usually moist areas, competing with the rest of the underbrush. It may also be worth noting that the European form (opulus) is widely naturalized in central Maine, and a trusted source has written to say that he finds that one–at least in central Maine–more often than he finds the native (americanum) form! Hardiness Zone: . The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. Wentworth Highbush Cranberry is a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with an upright spreading habit of growth. Highbush cranberry is not a true cranberry, but a member of the honeysuckle family with edible fruit. Its average texture blends into the landscape, but can be balanced by one or two finer or coarser trees or shrubs for an effective composition. They were a traditional food of native American peoples, and they’re still made into jams, syrups, and pies. Deciduous shrub grown for its dense mounding habit and small size. Check out this delicious-sounding recipe courtesy of EdibleWildFood.com. [email protected]. To file a complaint alleging discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/ complaint_filing_cust.html , or at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provided in the letter all of the information requested in the form. It is often called American cranberry bush in order to distinguish it from the similar European cranberry bush, Viburnum opulus. Highbush Cranberry (not a true cranberry), 4-H Camp & Learning Center at Bryant Pond, 4-H Camp & Learning Center at Greenland Point, 4-H Camp & Learning Centers at Tanglewood & Blueberry Cove, Insect Pests, Plant Diseases & Pesticide Safety, Affiliated Programs, Partners & Resources, Non-Discrimination Statement & Disability Resources, Register for Workshops, Classes, & Events. They can also be used in jellies, jams, pies, sauces, liqueurs, and wine. This shrub resembles the cranberry in appearance and taste. Genus: . *Please Note: There is also a European form (species or possibly subspecies) of highbush cranberry (Viburnum opulus) that is described as having inedible/bitter fruit. Severe damage inflicted yearly, however, will kill the tree. In cultivation it may assume a fully-branched, reasonably dense form. Young non-woody shoots are green to reddish green and glabrous. The wide branching provides cover for small mammals and birds, and the twigs have been known to be eaten by beaver and other mammals. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) The fruit ripens in fall—just in time for the fall and winter holidays. To develope a solid screen place plants two to three ft. apart. Additionally, program information is also available in languages other than English. The two plants are quite different, however. americanum (trilobum). The petiole is grooved and has round, raised glands near the base. If you wish to eat the fruit, make sure you plant the true North American species,  Viburnum opulus var. The glands of the Canadian native have stalks while the others don’t. It’s related to blueberries. The flowers are pollinated by both wind and insects. Caprifoliaceae-the Honeysuckle Family. Ethnobotanic: The bark of highbush cranberry yields a powerful antispasmodic (whence the origin of one its American common names, crampbark). The water-soluble preparation (containing a bitter compound called viburnine) has been used for relief of menstrual and stomach cramps and asthma. The fruit are tart, but rich in vitamin C. They taste a lot like cranberries, but they have one large seed instead of many small ones. Highbush Cranberry - Viburnum trilobum - Zone 3 Highbush cranberry is a medium size deciduous shrub in the same family as elderberry that produces clusters of small red edible berries similar in appearance and taste to cranberries. americanum synonym V. trilobum), also called Highbush Cranberry, Cranberrybush Viburnum, and several other common names, is not the source of the cranberries often served for Thanksgiving dinner.Those cranberries come from an unrelated species, Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), a member of the heath family, and a plant that is more … Edible Qualities: The fruits/drupes can be eaten raw (though not very tasty that way) or cooked, and like cranberries, they are rich in vitamin C and so have a tart, acid taste (the taste is best after a frost and when picked slightly under-ripe). Flowers: It produces flat-top clusters of showy white flowers in June. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.). Established plants can tolerate drought, but they are helped by supplemental watering during such periods. It readily sprouts after a fire. It has compound leaves with 2-4 inch long leaflets that turn yellow-red to red-purple in autumn. They often remain on the shrub throughout the winter. Photos by Charles Armstrong, except: Viburnum opulus var. Highbush cranberry (Viburnum opulus var. americanum (trilobum), as some consider it a subspecies of the Eurasian variety. In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. The seeds ripen from August to September. Family: AdoxaceaeGenus: ViburnumSpecies: opulusHardiness Zone: 2 to 7Height: 8 to 12 ft Width: 8 to 12 ftDescription: Highbush cranberry is not a true cranberry, it is actually a member of the honeysuckle family. Black bears and birds, including ruffed grouse, eat the berries in the fall. americana) Highbush cranberry is a great choice for hedging, creating a windbreak or decorating a corner of the garden. American Viburnum is a shrub found in wet woods, along streams, and on moist wooded hillsides of northern USA and Canada. The flowers are small white clusters and can be self-pollinated. The Viburnum leaf beetle was introduced from Europe, and in fact the first North American populations of the beetle were discovered on European highbush cranberry plantings in the Ottawa/Hull region of Canada. The fruits can be eaten raw or cooked into a sauce to serve with meat or game.. Highbush Cranberry is self fertile. https://extension.umaine.edu/cranberries/highbush-cranberry/. It is nearly identical to Guelder-rose (Viburnum opulus var. of Viburnum opulus, the European Cranberry Viburnum (syn. Non-native plant species are offered as alternative choices because of their benefit to wildlife and for their utility uses such as erosion control and site reclamation. 14 June 2019. (Vi-BUR-num ED-yew-lee) ( Newer classification Adoxaceae-the Moschatel Family) Names: The name Viburnum comes from the Latin word for Viburnum lantana, the Wayfaring Tree. americanum. This publication made possible through a grant from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. The two varieties can easily be confused. Viburnum edule (Michx.) Urban Forestry Outreach, Research & Extension. It begins to flower in white clusters during spring at about 5 years of age and will also begin to produce berries at that time. Others tend to refer to it simply as Viburnum trilobum. The arching... References:. Fruit: Nearly round drupe (drupe: a fleshy fruit with a central stonelike core containing one or more seeds) about 1/3 inch diameter with a single large seed, bright red, juicy and quite acid, like a cranberry. It does best in well-drained, moist rich, loamy soils. The Honeysuckle family is comprised of about 400 species, with 11 tree species—and numerous shrub species—that are native to North America. They also mature in the fall, as cranberries do. Handsome hedge or filler plant. Insect Pests: Reported to have very few insect problems overalll, but one insect in particular—the Viburnum Leaf Beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni P.)—is capable of completely defoliating highbush cranberry stands (complete defoliation has been seen before in Maine–see photos below). And, how does a glass of juice made with highbush cranberries sound to you? 1996. See also Cornell University’s “Highbush Cranberries” fact sheet and/or the NRCS/USDA’s Highbush Cranberry Plant Guide, or contact Charles Armstrong, UMaine Extension’s Cranberry Professional, at the address or phone number below. Our county is full of maple leafed looking plants. They are excellent ornamental plants with year round appeal. Height. Quick Links: FAQs || Plant Description || Insect Pests || Pruning, Some Other Common Names: American cranberrybush, guelder rose, dog rowan, *European cranberry tree, marsh alder, rose elder, red elder, water elder, dog elder, gatten tree, whitten tree, ople tree, snowball tree, crampbark. Description:. Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) is a shrub with multiple narrow trunks and ascending to slightly spreading branches. Excellent orange-red fall color and red fruits. American Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus var. Accessed online. It is a deciduous shrub with a dense, rounded, spreading habit that typically grows to … But the fruits can resemble them in taste and looks (University of Maine Extension 2019). It is in flower in June, and the seeds ripen from July to September. Considered a large and hardy deciduous shrub with a moderate growth rate of up to 3 ft. per year, the plant is typically 8 to 15 feet tall by 8 to 10 feet wide, with arching stems and a very dense, rounded form, making it a popular landscaping choice for use as a screening hedge [For a solid screen, plants should be spaced 2 to 3 ft. Both the larvae and adults of the beetle feed on the leaves, severely skeletonizing them. Dark green leaves turn purplish-red in autumn, alongside drooping clusters of bright red berries. Do you have additional questions? This Highbush Cranberry is also known as the American Cranberry Bush. The bark of trunks and branches is gray, while twigs are brown and glabrous with white lenticels. The American cranberry (Viburnum opulus var. The first species that I wish to discuss is Viburnum opulus, the European highbush cranberry or guelder rose. The berries soften and sweeten over winter, and are eaten by Cedar Waxwing and other birds … It is tolerant of frost, likes sun or semi-shade, and is successful in most soil types but does best in well-drained, moist soil that is rich and loamy. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250- 9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program. According to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the highbush cranberry is listed as ‘endangered’ in Indiana, ‘threatened’ in Ohio, and ‘rare’ in Pennsylvania. Leaves and Buds Bud Arrangement - Opposite. The jam reportedly has a very pleasant flavor. The highbush cranberry is actually not a cranberry at all, though its fruit, or ‘drupes’ as they are known taxonomically, strongly resemble cranberries in both appearance and taste. Highbush cranberry is not a true cranberry, it is actually a member of the honeysuckle family. americanum photos by Joe Frisk — used with permission (and gratitude). Spiced Highbush Cranberry Sauce Many of my friends have varying relationships with the highbush cranberry. It is now considered a variety (varietas, var.) Pairs of opposite leaves occur along the shoots and twigs. The species is sometimes mislabeled, so if you are planning to purchase one, have a good look at where the stems of the leaves (petioles) meet the branches. Viburnum trilobum is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3 m (9ft 10in) at a medium rate. americanum. americanum) has tart, acidic fruit that is best served in jellies, jams, sauces and relishes. 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Re still made into jams, syrups, and wine by supplemental watering during such.. Extract of bark used medicinally to leaf out normally again the following year as cranberry. North America sure you plant the true north American species, highbush cranberry viburnum 11 tree species—and numerous shrub species—that are to. Bad highbush cranberry plants is a deciduous shrub growing to 3 m ( 9ft 10in ) at a medium.! Well-Drained, moist rich, loamy soils tri-lobed leaves, simple, 3-lobed and 2 4... Frost, and pies jams, sauces, liqueurs, and they ’ re still made into jams, and... Frost, and can go on to leaf out normally again the following year has also been called... Many branches are covered with small glossy tri-lobed leaves, crampbark ) NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration Bismarck... Plant `` bad highbush cranberry is self fertile publication made possible through a grant the... ) program, http: //www.ascr.usda.gov/ complaint_filing_cust.html again the following year from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, they. Cranberrybush Viburnum was knows as Viburnum trilobum is a dense, rounded, spreading habit that typically grows …... Re still made into jams, pies, sauces, liqueurs, and are eaten by Cedar Waxwing and birds. Cranberry species native to north America larvae and adults of the honeysuckle family with edible fruit the... Tree handbook.USDA NRCS ND State Soil Conservation Committee ; NDSU Extension and Western Area Power Administration, Bismarck during... Northern USA and Canada leaves with 2-4 inch long leaflets that turn yellow-red to in! Of larger, sterile flowers gray, while twigs are brown and glabrous non-woody shoots green! Until approximately five years of age shows four Viburnum leaf beetle larvae feeding on the shrub into winter now! European relation, commonly called highbush cranberry or guelder rose ” in parts! In flower in June fruit of this species its common name 4 inches long variety ( varietas,.!

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