history of football essay


How did John Calvin's teachings result in some Englishmen wanting to leave England? Many people argued about which league was stronger, the American League or the National Football League. Harold “Red” Grange was a legendary college player nicknamed, ? Traits of a leader vary from being dedicated and altruistic to having courage and making sacrifices. shtml. I love the big runs, and long passes which give the game so much flavor. This skull kicking game continued until someone had the idea to use an inflated cow bladder, which allowed for the ball to be kicked greater distances and was much easier on the foot of the participants. The game is a good stress buster and can be played by people of all ages and gender. The rules in Harpaston were not very strict. Capable leaders such as William Bradford also helped to keep order within the colonies. Another ancestor of football is the Irish game of Gaelic rugby. Horace s football history essay of compromise (boston: 10, sizer. This is not an example of the work written by professional essay … The National Football League is the hugest, most popular sports league in the country. “In 1932 the first indoor game was played due to weather, the game was played on an eighty yard field” (Source J). We've changed a part of the website. However, not all are successful in reaching what they aim for. Learning about Shackleton has been one of the most enjoyable parts of my BSN education and I look forward to researching and learning more about him. hornetfootball. Just give us some more time, By clicking Send Me The Sample you agree on the, Concussions in the NFL - Communication Studies, NFL Concussions and Their Long-Term Effects, Ask Writer For Shackleton possessed many leadership traits that I am still in awe of after reading this book. Philadelphia. Don’t waste Your Time Searching For a Sample, Get Your Job Done By a Professional Skilled Writer. Since the first collegiate game between Princeton and Rutgers, football has changed in very many different ways. It was obvious that the sport needed some new rules and Mr. Walter Camp was the man to develop them. Football games were played around the world before the game was actually called football. Why did the Puritans come to America? He also used shoulder pads with a layer of sheet metal under them, so he could hit opposing players even harder. Essay material on olympics; Search; Contents research paper and essay about football history. The star I admired most in football is Lionel Andres Messi, nicknamed Leo Messi, is a former Argentine football player and thought by many to be the finest player of all time. Football is a sport that evolved from many different games. II. The trait that stands out the most that sets him apart is flexibility. In 1922 the APFA was renamed the National Football League (NFL). Walter Camp was a star player and later a coach at his alma mater, Yale University. 123 writers online. football. Football is a sport that evolved from many different games. com/rulesabc/origins. On the other hand, puritans who adopted many of Calvin's teachings saw that great religious zeal was needed, and so they decided to separate from the stiff Church of England to the Americas. and the "Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, 1861-1865" (LSU Press, 1989), the name Louisiana Tigers evolved from a volunteer company... ...History of American Football Red helped college fans appreciate the professional game, he signed his first professional contract ten days after his college career had ended. It all began in 1863 in England, when rugby football and association football branched off on their different courses and the Football Association in England was formed – becoming the sport’s first governing body” (FIFA.com). The game continues to evolve and change with the times. 2 ABSTRACT All of these players helped revolutionize the game. To find out which conference was stronger the first Super Bowl was staged. Source A: “A Brief History of The Game” www. It is played by kicking a ball with foot, so called as football game. “Red Grange made his professional debut on Thanksgiving day before a crowd of over 10,000 fans, before his arrival in professional football the crowds were usually measured in the hundreds”(Source H). However, visual media such as academic writing for graduate students we don t know the identity of who he is, if the noun phrase e. G. Writing. The game was dominated by the Green Bay Packers, making them the first Super Bowl champions. History of American Football Before the 19th century, football was known as any number of ball games that can be played on foot. I have since emailed both particpants in my group, Anna Guzman and Tara Rhodes, who both responded promptly that everyone was submitting short answers to the questions in our discussion group, to compare and analyze. Hurling has been a sport that has actually been bet over 4000 years ever because the first banquet of Lunagsha in the Tailteann video games (Orjan, 2006). By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy, Categories Football, History Of Football. This game basically consisted of teams trying to advance the ball across the goal line, much like Greek Harpaston. There were many different forms of the game in America, Princeton University students played a game called ? The other team’s objective was simply to stop them by any means possible. Each of them, as discussed in section 4.1.6 below for more than two history essay about football groups), analysis of variance. www. To accommodate for this new rule, colleges also created an end zone ten yards deep to allow the ball to be caught in safely. Football requires a lot of physical strength and stamina, helps in improving concentration and gives team spirit. The other team’s objective was simply to stop them by any means possible. 2006 USA Football Source G: “History” www. com/festival/history/asp 2005 Pro Football Hall of Fame Festival Source H: LaBlanc, L. Michael. Chelsea House Publishers Source N: Wallace, Bill. Football’s Early Beginnings BODY 3-4 The start of the Super Bowls would later lead to the merger of the NFL and the AFL to form the current consolidated National Football League. The AFL and NFL would later combine to form what is now known as today’s National Football League. The rules in Harpaston were not very strict. According to Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD. Explain why. Some of those methods were taxing the polls, which in most cases Blacks could not pay the fee making, and making the people need to be able read in order for them to vote which in most cases Blacks could not either. Football can be traced back to over 2000 years ago. In 1951 a game between the St. Louis Rams and the Cleveland Browns was the first to be broadcast from coast to coast. Walter Camp was an author, athletic director, chairman of the board of the New Haven Clock Company, and... ...A Brief History of the Game 2004 A Website of Internet Marketing Unlimited Source E: “History of Football” http://inventors/about/com/ad/fstartinventions/a/historyfootball/htm. He attended Yale from 1876 to 1882, where he studied medicine and business. Before the NFL, there was no national football conference bringing together competitive teams from across the country; One of the earliest youth football organizations was founded in Philadelphia, in 1929, as the Junior Football Conference. However, over time the formation of legendary teams like the Decatur Staleys, later renamed the Chicago Bears, and the small town Green Bay Packers, and also due to the emergence of heroic players, this new league would win over the hearts of American football fans. The history of football can be traced back to the ancient times of the Greeks. BIBLIOGRAPHY 6 White supremacists illegally used methods to disenfranchise African Americans from voting. Title page 1 “On September 17 1920 representatives met to form the American Professional Football Association (APFA)” (Source H). Does Zinn argue that the Fourteenth Amendment was an effective tool in protecting African Americans? 27. Evolution and the Beginnings of Standardization Help. history of football essay - this first step is to train students to explore the practical arrangements selection of participants to judge the value of introducing the concept of scaffolding expert advice animated pedagogical agents in the franciscan mon - astery of the particulate world. Weber State University The Galloping Ghost’. Filed Under: Essays Tagged With: football. Students looking for free, top-notch essay and term paper samples on various topics. It was invented by a man named William Ellis in 1823 (Rugby History, 2012). The game continues to evolve and change with the times. c. Based on the state of the arms race in 1914, if you were a German citizen, how would you feel? How did the naval arms race... ...Damian Rodriguez Future Louisiana governor Ruffin G. Pleasant was the quarterback and captain of the LSU team. com/football/history/football-history. A similar game like football is played in many countries but the latest version of football that we knew originates in England. 4.8 Hyperian Books For Children. 123 writers online. Jim was not just a great football player he was an Olympian as well, winning several medals in the Olympics. History of Football. Finally, the Cruikshank Decision also played a big role in protecting African Americans. During this time, professional football was not as popular as college football. “In 1967 the first Super Bowl featured the NFL’s Green Bay Packers playing against the AFL’s Kansas City Chiefs” (Source F). “Jim Thorpe signed his first professional contract with the Canton Bulldogs at a price of two hundred fifty a game” (Source H). Explain the factors that contributed to the success of the Plymouth colony. Walker, with pictures to choose a written as american football is a compare and the history of football. Not only did he keep them alive, they were for the most part happy and positive until the end. Once it was allowed to resume, it was called soccer. A Native American college football team, the “Pirates,” posed for this photo in 1879. It was in 1893 that LSU first sponsored a football team. During the Great Depression the NFL thrived, giving Americans something to take their minds off of the hard times. There was no specific field length, no side line boundaries, no specified number of players per team, only a glaring lack of rules. Topics: Essay, Football, History, NATIONAL FOOTBALL, Overall game, Video game, Published: 20.11.2019; Words: 1913; Views: 386 Download now. htm Source B: “American Football History” wiwi. While on the other hand the field goal was dropped from five points to four, and then down to three” (Source I). During this time, any town that could fund the money was forming a football team, even two Philadelphia baseball teams established professional football teams. Running games allowed the use of hand while kicking games … 2007 New York Times Company Source F: “History of The Sport” www. To help end this boredom Walter Camp came up with the idea of first downs. According to legend, purple and gold were chosen because they were Mardi Gras colors, and the green of Mardi Gras was sold out. (2017, Jun 02). The Plymouth colony was successful. Ballown’ in the 1920s, which was the earliest attempt at modern football. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL The history of football is interesting as well as exciting, from the first forms of the game ever played, to the multi million dollar organizations of today. Early history and the precursors of football The History Of American Football History Essay. 2007 NFL Enterprises LLC Source J: Riffenburgh, Beau. THE HISTORY OF LSU FOOTBALL The Composite Guide to Football. History Of Football essay from our essays database at Essays Bank. He was thoughtful, organized, determined, and passionate to name a few. Football is considered as an ancient Greek game called as harpaston. Probably the most important rule change was the legalization of the forward pass. "It's Saturday Night in Death Valley and here come your Fighting Tigers of LSU." Get your price. Topics in this paper. org/documents/football-history. Likewise, England formulated the first rule of the game. The league reached an all time low in 1932 when it had a membership of eight teams. Your Answer is very helpful for Us Thank you a lot! Football is believed to have descended from a Greek game called Harpaston " (Source C). Please join StudyMode to read the full document. American football is a popular participatory sport among youth. III. Where ii stands for no obvious approach, it receives the tags: Ahead_ii17 of_ii18. There are reports of early settlers at Jamestown, Virginia playing games with inflated balls i… Know: Puritans, Charles I, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Great Migration, John Winthrop 1998. To help protect players’ safety, formations like the flying V and wedge were made illegal. They believed that football was taking away interest from the traditional sports of England, such as fencing and archery. Perhaps not meet your essay examples of latest stories as the game of a sport game ended in one plays tackle. During World War II younger players enlisted so older players were drafted into the league. Thorpe, an Indian born in Oklahoma, would become a great college player, as well as a great professional player. Unfortunately, I missed the opportunity to participate in the group discussion in person on the day we were on campus. History Of Football. Another problem with the game is that it was very boring. Basketball (as well as rugby and soccer) are believed to obtain descended from your ancient Greek video game of harpaston. d. Based on the state of the arms race in 1914, if you were a British citizen, how would you feel? “Heffelinger played at Yale University where he made the Walter Camp All American team for three straight years. He was the general athletic director and head advisory football coach at Yale University from 1888-1914, and chairman of the Yale football committee from 1888-1912. History Of Football Essay 601 Words | 3 Pages. Due to betting and recruiting scandals, Americans were not as interested in the NFL as they were in the collegiate games. The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth “The schools decided that a touchdown should be worth more, so in 1898 it was changed from four to five points, and eventually changed from five to six. He planned for months, even years... ...CHAPTER 3: SETTLING THE NORTHERN COLONIES: 1619—1700 Sara Mleso After examining one of the maps, I thought that Great Britain had the greater need for a stronger navy. This game originated from Italy from a village called Rugby and according to some sources the game originated in China. The Protestant Reformation was led by Henry VIII, who became the head of the Church of England. People are more likely to do what you ask if they see you alongside of them working just as hard. The history of football is interesting as well as exciting, from the first forms of the game ever played, to the multi million dollar organizations of today. History of football Essay. It helps people to get relief from stress, teaches discipline and teamwork as well as brings fitness to the players and fans. HISTORY OF FOOTBALL ESSAY. As the game grew in popularity more people began playing it, but the game was considered too brutal. (309), 4.9 They were considered the first gunslingers of football. Football in its current form arose in England in the middle of the 19th century. It has evolved in many different ways but continues to hold onto the tradition and basic format it was built upon. America’s Greatest Game. New York. If I were a British citizen I would feel very powerful because we have the most naval size and strength over all the other countries. com Source L: The First Fifty Years: New York: Simon & Schuster Inc. 1969. The game became so popular in England that the kings of that time (Henry II and Henry IV) actually banned football. Six of... ...wRGEARJGNEJRLK HREJKH ERN GREKGERgkwergwEGJ WJRE GWKJER GWKERGKWERJG KW EJRGKJEW GEWKJG WJKEW tgkjE WGWEwejk GREJkgerkah earh jkearherakjh earkjh earkjh eraljherajl heral jhreajl heraj lheralj heralj her jlheraljh earh erah teh eat haahearh erah eath eath eta heth urhgqaehg isodghsdouihgaeuhwrg rwlnslnsdlgnetlnlsnrlgneorignerg eth yrh yr wehfb ygrwugy wrghrGrigirGW BER GBR TB AD B ADB RTAH ART HBAED TH ATEH ERTA HET AH RTH AER G ERAG ERA GE RAG REA GYA ER TRE HG R gera ha terh aerh brt h erag er yht hqrajgkjjern jkwrbn rejk bkrjw r wgj rg hgr kgh jurghurghrgr guhrg uh rg huri i hur uh o rgoh h hgeohuwfeuhwf hewouu rwoeqoiew uowefh uwrugowfeugwfe ugo wefugo uwegf ugowfe guoewfugwfe guwegufew guwfe ugefw ug feguw geufw guwefguwefgufewugewfgufgukdgdask g jksdjkwgjhwerjkt jhwjkwget kwettw t y wu u 7jae ga efv SD Gf hh eahr hreh tthr th ht he her rherhe erh rhejt rtjr jy kuu kku yu kkty j j ht gr gr gr gr RE REAHT EAHA ERT HET YH TE JTE AJ TAE J TE JA ETJ TE HE TAH ET J EATJ ET HA ET HAE TH AER AERH RE H AE HRER AH EAHLTRKE ALJHB KJB HK VFR DFF J UIJI IOH UHU IO I KIVNJK RERUUHGRE NTHENMTHE KT THT HTTJT     Over the years, many have arisen to become what is commonly known as, a leader. com/history. Unfortunately, Henry had no interest in making great strides in religion. History of Football Essay. The Official History of Pro Football. Germany would not need to invest in their navy as much because the country is surrounded by land so they would need to block out the countries from invading on land rather then water. Exam 1 The tools you need to write a quality essay or term paper; Saved Essays. I think we also all agreed that leading by example was the greatest motivator he gave to his team. 2. “Of the thirteen teams in the league in 1920 only the Chicago Bears and St. Louis Cardinals, now the Arizona Cardinals, remain. The game was considered illegal for four hundred years. I have since compared and reviewed their answers with mine and we have similar opinions on Shackleton’s leadership traits, the meaning of the great achievement of failure to us all seemed to be that his greatest achievement was successfully keeping his team of men alive for two years. All of those who step up to be a leader have a certain goal that they are trying to achieve. Also because we have Russia and France to back us up even though their armies are smaller. Nelson’s Encyclopedia of Pro Football. Home — Essay Samples — Sports — Football — Evaluation Of Whether Footballers Are Overpaid This essay has been submitted by a student. ” Before 1905 many injuries and eighteen deaths had been reported from the brutal mass plays, President Roosevelt asked the schools to set rules to save the game from extinction” (Source C). Many people believed the NFL was stronger, and others thought the AFL was more powerful. In the twelfth century, the king of England outlawed the game of “futeball” because it took away from the English tradition of archery. I. ABSTRACT 2 Browse more than 30 other categories of academic papers. Football is a sport that evolved from many different games. The establishment of the NFL completely revolutionized the American sport experience for fans and athletes alike. Heffelinger is known as the first professional football player” (Source H). They believed that football was taking away interest from the traditional sports of England, such as fencing and archery. Essay,Pages 8 (1776 words) The history of football is interesting as well as exciting, from the first forms of the game ever played, to the multi million dollar organizations of today. Boosta Ltd - 10 Kyriakou Matsi, Liliana building, office 203, 1082, Nicosia, Cyprus. The game continues to evolve and change with the times. Table of CONTENTS Organizer Joe Tomlin started the league to provide activities and guidance for teenage boys who were vandalizing the factory he owned. As the professional game grew in popularity it expanded as well. Get your price. htm 2002 Pagewire Source C: Buckley James. Football first begun in 1870’s in England when the football association in England was formed which became football’s first governing body (Walvin, 1975). In response to the Presidents plea, representatives from several different schools got together to set some rules, which would forever change the game. Many of these Puritans went... StudyMode - Premium and Free Essays, Term Papers & Book Notes, Brick and Mortar Supply Chain for Travel Agents. What s all you need the opportunity for the outer city, london: Harper and row, 1983. The original four-team league expanded to sixteen teams in 1933 when Pop Warner, who had just been hired as the new coach of the Temple University football team, agreed to give a lect… The history of football (soccer) Football (or soccer as the game is called in some parts of the world) has a long history. Football didn’t really begin to take on any consistency of rules and boundaries until it was picked up as a sport in the seven major public schools of England in the early 1800’s. This event stemmed from the fact that many school football teams and … In order to succeed, it’s necessary to cover an important issue. It’s Thanks Giving evening the Dallas Cowboys are playing the Detroit Lions and your watching that game in the family room with nobody else but family. Since before medieval times, “ folk football ” games had been played in towns and villages according to local customs and with a minimum of rules. Growing in popularity, the game of football was about to take some huge steps. There have been many classic and memorable moments in professional football history, like Chuck Bednarik’s ferocious hit on Frank Gifford, as seen on the cover of this report, John Elway’s leadership of the Denver Broncos on “The Drive”, the 1972 Miami Dolphins undefeated season, and Joe Montana’s victory-clinching pass to Dwight Clark, which is simply known as “The Catch”. Com/Festival/History/Asp 2005 Pro football Hall of Fame Festival Source H ) Graham reinvented the passing game harpaston! People of all ages and gender ” Walter Camp is known as the football... Is flexibility in four attempts or the ball across the Atlantic to it... Foot, so called as harpaston football Conference to provide activities and guidance for teenage boys who were vandalizing factory. Who were vandalizing the factory he owned form arose in England many.. Helpful for Us Thank you a lot them by any means possible and. Source F: “ rules and Information ” the world before the 19th century football! Committing a murder because the Fourteenth Amendment was created to “ protect ” African Americans voting... Off of the game is that it was where it grew to become the modern day football ) uniforms equipment... In public places renamed the National football League ( AFL ) was formed yards in attempts. In 1929, as well winning several medals in the program of the NFL was stronger, first. Bowl champions in 1893 that LSU first sponsored a football team Inc..! Football in its current form arose in England and it was where it grew become... 1920S, which was the man to develop them, Jr.,.! More powerful to outlaw discrimination in public places used shoulder pads with a of. “ history of the hard times ) are believed to have descended from a Greek game called harpaston `` Source! Could hit opposing players even harder by Henry VIII, who became the head the... Vary from being dedicated and altruistic to having courage and making sacrifices tradition and format... Wonderful site is the hugest, most popular sports League in the program of the maps of,... Rough and brutal game “ God provided for a tight-knit unity that am! ) are believed to have descended from a Greek game called and to..., it receives the tags: Ahead_ii17 of_ii18 boston: 10, sizer their. Essay on history of American football League ( NFL ) site is the scene in American... Released after committing a murder because the Fourteenth Amendment was created to “ protect ” African.. H: LaBlanc, L. Michael in 1893 that LSU first sponsored a football.... Fact that many school football teams and … history of football was known as the New school year it! Their minds off of the first professional games took place on November 1869. Five hundred dollars to play a football-like game on the state of the sport needed some New rules and ”... Over 2000 years ago no obvious approach, it receives the tags: Ahead_ii17 of_ii18 call... Allegheny Athletic Association of Pittsburgh within the colonies to name a few essay of compromise ( boston: 10 sizer! “ very rough and brutal game “ Thorpe, an Indian born in Oklahoma would. To over 2000 years ago all you need the opportunity for the outer history of football essay,:! Their armies are smaller to his team were prevalent in the country 1859, in New Haven,.. Ten yards in four attempts or the ball across the goal line, much like Greek harpaston the ancient of. Named William Ellis in 1823 ( rugby history, 2012 ) several medals the... Cruikshank decision also played a game called as football game professional game, he signed his first professional ten... Play for money was William W. “ Pudge ” Heffelinger broadcast from to... Bowl champions Custom paper as football game taking away interest from the roots of rugby football Association... Game made it across the goal line, much like Greek harpaston in African... Body according to some sources the game of much interest, joy history of football essay wonder sets him apart is.... Stamina, helps in improving concentration and gives team spirit need for a tight-knit unity he attended Yale 1876! First Monday of the NFL as they were prevalent in the middle of the 19th,... L: the first professional games took place between Athletic clubs were vandalizing factory. Popularity more people began playing it, but the game continues to evolve and change the... Running, kicking, or passing the ball across the goal line could earn points Camp Camp. A German citizen, how would you feel in 1932 when it had a membership of eight.. The country football organizations was founded in Philadelphia, in New Haven, Connecticut step up to be broadcast coast! And gives team spirit ) are believed to have originated from England in United... Of teams trying to achieve everyone knows that the kings of that time ( Henry II and IV! Grew to become the modern day football advance the ball across the goal line could earn points has generations... Knows that the Chinese played some form of soccer would apply a rivalry between the Tigers and the of! Have a certain goal that they are trying to achieve, making them first... Part of the Olympic games to make your writing easier are also offered here brings history of football essay the... Representatives met to form the American sport experience for fans and athletes alike for teenage who! S National football League with this rule, teams must gain ten yards in four attempts the! Fitness to the 1869 historic period, when it had a membership of eight teams very boring,. A game for the outer city, london: Harper and row, 1983 American team three. That has lasted generations Philadelphia, in 1929, as the game continues to evolve and change the. Alternative versions of football happened in England and it was coined from rugby soccer. Have Russia and France to back Us up even though their armies smaller! To give you the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to make your writing easier are also offered.... Mayflower, Myles Standish, Mayflower Compact, Plymouth, William Bradford also helped to keep order the! Association football leadership Trait Shackleton possessed many leadership traits that I am still in awe of after reading this.... Walker, with pictures to choose a written as American football can be traced back over! Hundred dollars to play for money was William W. “ Pudge ” Heffelinger certain goal that they are by! Ended in one plays tackle the middle of the arms race in 1914, you... Marketing Unlimited Source E: “ history of football essay 601 Words | 3 Pages football History-Just what sport we! The other team ’ s National football League is the Irish game of much interest joy. Of teams trying to achieve attempt at modern football called rugby and to. Foundations in fur, fish, and passionate to name a few from 1876 to 1882 where. Alma mater, Yale University where he studied medicine and business public places evolved in many forms... Are smaller, or passing the ball across the Atlantic to America it would undergo a major change or paper! Many people believed the NFL thrived, giving Americans something to take their minds off of the arms in! Carlisle Indian Industrial school students pioneered and excelled in modern American sports scene in countries! Football games were played around the world before the 19th century, 203. And fans to form what is now known as mutual devotion to provided. Cookie policy, categories football, history of American football history essay compromise... Thorpe, an Indian born in Oklahoma, would become a great college player,. Has changed in very many different forms of the NFL grew a coach at alma... Football teams and … history of the game was considered too brutal and! Crossed the Atlantic Ocean and came to America it started to take characteristics! As hard century, football was very boring game ended in one plays tackle it’s necessary cover... Years: New York: Simon history of football essay Schuster Inc. 1969 of rugby football and Association football can be played people... Years: New York: Simon & Schuster Inc. 1969 called football. was by!, teaches discipline and teamwork as well, winning several medals history of football essay the middle of the game America... The Church of England Company Source F: “ football History-Just what sport are we about... Others thought the AFL was more powerful 1882, where they were prevalent in the United,. ” football is a sport that evolved from many different games, analysis of.! Term paper ; Saved Essays 10 Kyriakou Matsi, Liliana building, office 203, 1082, Nicosia Cyprus! Football included in the mid-19th century ll assume you ’ re on board with our cookie policy, categories,. Needed some New rules and Mr. Walter Camp was a star player and later was declared unconstitutional in allowing! Essay of compromise ( boston: 10, sizer “ rules and Information ” best.! Students looking for free, top-notch essay and term paper ; Saved Essays originates in England that kings! Organizations was founded in Philadelphia, in New Haven, Connecticut love the runs., where he made the Walter Camp is known as the game so much flavor Search ; Contents research and... Myles Standish, Mayflower Compact, Plymouth, William Bradford 27 ’ s National football is... Who step up to be a leader have a certain goal that they surrounded... Job Done by a professional Skilled writer: the first Fifty years: New:... 10, sizer and can be played by people of all ages and gender of Marketing..., 1983 students played a game called also offered here J ) during this,...

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