Two claims are i, where the main motive is to obtain a ransom, To effectively combat kidnapping, the government shall also fight insurgency. “He was a good little monkey and always very curious.” This is how H. A. Rey and his wife, Margret, first introduced their now beloved troublemaker-hero to young readers in 1941. Based on research initiated in the 1970s, this paper questions whether a no-ransom policy can be shown to be an effective deterrent. Kidnapping is a criminal offence punishable by the law in Nigeria. Thus, it was concluded that the two phenomena constitute aggression, violence and abuse largely targeted at children and women, with long-term traumatic effects on victims. commit crimes such as theft, murder and kidnapping. a divorce, separation, or . Even though the motives of kidnappers vary across the globe, extant studies point to reasons ranging from slavery to ritual purposes; sex, trafficking to foreign countries for economic gains, marriage, murder etc. Department: The study identifies a link between poverty and income inequality and education funding in Nigeria by leveraging data from the World Bank and Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS) from 2001-2019. (CIRPEE). The Global Slavery Index (GSI) reported that civil unrest, terror threats, endemic corruption and ongoing abductions of Nigerians, including the well-publicised kidnapping of school-girls by the Boko Haram terrorists, underscored the continuing challenges of combating modern slavery in Nigeria (GSI, 2014 as cited in Ikumola, 2017;Ibrahim & Mukhtar, 2017). While there are no consistent findings about victims' challenges . In the Niger Delta Region or the south-south and the south-east, militiamen are, using kidnapping as an insurgent tactic to, are reported to have committed large scale kidnapping. All rights reserved. A survivor of a kidnapping may have a harder life after their release compared to when they were held hostage. Children who had been kidnapped by one of their parents and hidden for an average of 2.7 years have been followed for a decade through contact with the parent who recovered them. Jubilee Kidnapping is a vice and an illegal act that is abhorred by the Nigerian state. Child maltreatment. kidnapping in Abia State, individuals, families, groups, businesses, worship centers, educational establishments, governmental institutions and, of course, the entire society suffered gravely as properties, monetary wealth, and time (from Impact of Parental Kidnapping on Children . Retaliation can start a chain reaction of abductions. This is because, kidnapping alone leads to gang rape, physical assault such as beatings, kicking/ maltreated of victims, financial victimization and if care was not taken it may also leads to loss of precious lives. It is the latest multi-million naira vocation in the regions. institutions purposely for abduction and kidnapping of women and girls indicated this assertion. CASES . The group has intensified its attacks on security agents and their formations, top governmental establishments, schools, Mosques, and the general populace. The third reason for engaging in the kidnapping is to fund their activities. Found insideBullying has long been tolerated as a rite of passage among children and adolescents. There is an implication that individuals who are bullied must have "asked for" this type of treatment, or deserved it. The most widespread typology of kidnapping incidents takes as a starting point criminal motivation, producing a bipolar analysis of the crime as economic or political.This article re-examines classificatory and discursive approaches, placing emphasis on the social logic of kidnapping. Since the full-scale declaration of combat between the Nigerian state and the insurgent group, the asymmetrical tactics of the group have been evolving, based on its capabilities. Kidnapping is a crime that has not received due attention in sociological literature. 128 0 obj <>stream This will no doubt help to restore peace and security in the country. To achieve this objective, the study elicited data through questionnaire from 260 randomly selected This book explores the disturbing dimensions of the problem of insecurity in Nigeria, such as herdsmen violence, the Boko Haram insurgency, cybercrime, militancy in the Niger Delta, communal conflict and violence, as well as police ... This paper investigates these issues in order to contribute to the study of the Ethiopian state and to the broader debate on community policing and crime prevention on the African continent. The book's concluding chapter weighs the prehistory and consequences of the postwar expulsion of German families from the Bohemian Lands. 19 Test of hypothesis three shows that kidnapping is significantly dependent on the provisions of the Nigerian constitution; while result from hypothesis four shows that there is no significant relationship between kidnapping and political activities. Findings from the study shows that, the prevalence of kidnapping in Nigeria is as a result of laxity in the law implementation process to prosecute offenders. Social effects of terrorism can include injury, death, and psychological trauma, while local and national markets can experience a downturn in both the short term and the long term. These results challenge commonly held assumptions about sex within marriage. Found insideIn fact, the market for hostages is so well ordered that the crime is insurable. This is a puzzle: ransoming a hostage is the world's most precarious trade. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Thus . is the current growth rate in all parts of the country and the benefits the perpetrators are deriving from this criminal activity. Dodo, A. W. (2010). Kidnapping and hostage taking in Nigeria has turned into a social problem which is affecting virtually every member of the Nigerian society in one way or the other. Most people charged with abduction or custodial interference are members of the child's family, whereas . Kidnapping has become a major source of revenue and is widespread, while attacks have occurred in Lagos and Kano. When children are wrongfully taken abroad or kept in another country, they may be initially traumatized by differences Security service abuses are likely a driver of some popular support for or acquiescence to Boko Haram. The menace of kidnapping has become a societal problem in view of its consequences on the individual, society and government which include: insecurity of lives and properties, lack of trust among citizens, negative impact on economy and social relative, unfriendly environment for foreign investors, psychological trauma on the part of individual victims and their families. is for parents involved in . Kidnapping is a social enterprise and according to The Nation (May 10, 2002), "kidnappers are businessmen, they just happen to be on the illegal side of it…if you deprive them of the demand then there is not going to be any supply. However, today kidnapping has become ubiquitous in the country. Defendants, however, will receive harsher punishments if the victim is under 14 years of age in a kidnapping. A review of the WAEC enrollment for states in each zone is performed to compare how education funding impacts WAEC enrollment in Nigeria. Found insideGene Sperling, author of the seminal 2004 report published by the Council on Foreign Relations, and Rebecca Winthrop, director of the Center for Universal Education, have written this definitive book on the importance of girls’ education. This volume will be of interest to social and moral philosophers, legal and human rights theorists, practitioners and students. Kidnapping has seriously left a bad scar on the society as the lasting effects of its negative impact as put the society at the edge. Action on Armed Violence (2013). involved and those willing to be involved. In a domestic terrorist incident, the victim and perpetrators are from the host country. However today, they have become a big industry and a steady source of income for many, particularly in the SouthEast. Test of hypothesis two shows that there is no correlation between kidnapping and the disposition of government. 76 0 obj <> endobj from: What are the reasons behind this illicit business? Kidnapping. The menace of kidnapping has become a societal problem in view of its consequences on the individual, society and government which include: insecurity of lives and properties, lack of trust among citizens, negative impact on economy and social relative, unfriendly environment for foreign investors, psychological trauma on the part of individual victims and their families. This handbook is a reference for those who intend to introduce practices to reduce and prevent crime. It forms part of a series of tools developed by the United Nations. These acts of banditry result in injury, loss of human lives, loss of property and a sustained fear of . The Two Problems of Corruption and Poor Governance 3 regulation all the way to kleptocracy on a scale large enough to drain treasuries. (Accessed on.12/07/2016). Security agents should be well equipped with sophisticated guns to wage war against kidnappers. The criminal will threaten the victim and take them to an ATM to withdraw the maximum amount of cash. External Effects of Kidnapping in Nigeria. It was concluded that peer pressure influences youths’ involvement in kidnapping in Nigeria. It needs to be known why civil police with its dexterity for conventional mechanisms in crime prevention and control are incapacitated to combat recent spate of kidnapping activities in Nigeria. %%EOF The study recommended the following as panacea to combat kidnapping in the country: involvement and empowerment of traditional institutions, attachment of severe penalty to punish offenders, adequate funding of security agencies, and collaboration among the three tiers of government and their agencies and critical stakeholders. We must assume that the story is taking place around the time of World War II, as figures as . Provides the foundation for casework practice in Child Protective Services (CPS). Governments and international groups have historically had trouble agreeing on how to define terrorism. Education funding in Nigeria has lagged the UNESCO's advised 15%-20% of the government's annual budget to education in the last three decades. endstream endobj startxref This might serve as. Some pertinent questions about menace of kidnapping in Nigeria are: Why did conventional approach fail to control kidnapping activities in Nigeria? Brides, that were kidnapped, present common behaviors and symptoms, such as an submissiveness, idealization of a husband, numbing, permanent desire to please a mother-in-law and other relatives of higher status in the family. Found insideThis book champions the view that economics is a social science, and that, moreover, it may serve as a new paradigm for the social sciences. In this article, empirical research on the causes and correlates of false confessions is reviewed. International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Kidnapping in Nigeria: Dimensions, causes and consequences *CORRESPONDING AUTHOR, Kwara-Central undergraduates’ perceived peer pressures on youths involvement in kidnapping, Gender and modern-day slavery in Nigeria: A critical analysis of baby factory and terrorism, From Conventional to Unconventional Mechanism: The Public Dilemma of Kidnapping Business in the South-East and South-South Regions of Nigeria, Communal Insecurity Issues in Nigeria: Clarifications and Propositions, Back to the Past: Evolution of Kidnapping and Hostage Taking in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, Comparative Study of Education Funding in Nigeria, ROADMAP TO TACKLING INSURGENCY, ARMED BANDITRY AND KIDNAPPING IN THE NORTH WEST REGION OF NIGERIA, African indigenous games: Using Bame Nsamenang’s Africentric thoughts to reflect on our heritage, pedagogy, and practice in a global village, Impact Factor(JCC): 1.3648-CHALLENGES OF HOSTAGE-TAKING AND KIDNAPPING IN THE SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA, The Social Problem of Kidnapping and its Implications on the Socio-Economic Development of Nigeria: A Study of Uyo Metropolis, Capitalizing On Value: Towards a Sociological Understanding of Kidnapping, The Impact of Boko Haram Insurgency on Nigerian National Security, Small Arms, Armed Violence, and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in Perspective, Early marriage and HIV risks in Sub-Saharan Africa, THE GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AS AN INSTRUMENT OF WARFARE IN ARMED CONFLICTS, Thugs, Spies and Vigilantes: Community Policing and Street Politics in Inner City Addis Ababa, Kidnapping in Nigeria: A Social Threat to Educational Institutions, Human Existence and Unity. militants kidnapped more than 250 schoolgirls from Chibok in Nigeria's northeastern Borno State. In line with the above, Tepperman, economic factors and exposure to all form, the victims and their significant others. Due to its crosscutting nature, the impact of crime is felt across all socio-economic Natural Consequences Good . Mapping efforts against armed violence in Nigeria. Although married girls are less likely than single girls to have multiple partners, this protective behavior may be outweighed by their greater exposure via unprotected sex with partners who have higher rates of infection. them for rituals to obtain wealth and power has evolved to ransom kidnapping. database covers virtually every area of academic study. This implies that for every action one takes in life there is a consequent reaction. This study was a descriptive survey. "The book is well organized, well detailed, and well referenced; it is an invaluable sourcebook for researchers and clinicians working in the area of bereavement. The aim of the study is to investigate the causes, dimensions and consequences of the phenomenon of kidnapping with a view to combat its occurrence. As part of the way out of this, this paper suggests that 'career' (technical) education be emphasized rather than the 'degree' (non-technical) education. Due to the depletion of its fighters and loss of territories, there is a surge in mass deployment of ‘women and young girls’ as material instruments of warfare: fighters, suicide bombers, human shields, bargaining tools, sex slaves, informants, and so on. Using two Demographic and Health Surveys from before and after the Boko Haram insurgency started, a double-difference (difference-in-difference . ... Akpan [5] also opined that effect of economic hardship is responsible for youth's prevalent involvement in kidnapping. This book, now available in paperback, traces the key evolutions in the development of the concept of human security, the various definitions and critiques, how it relates to other concepts, and what it implies for polities, politics, and ... Kidnapping in Nigeria. The North West region's violence has quickly grown into a theatre of wars, spilling into the North Central, forcing more herders southward into the country's Middle Belt and aggravating herder farmer tension not only in affected regions but amongst policy makers and security operatives whose reactive policing style is long overdue for overhauling even as law enforcement agencies are poorly resourced and overstretched. Found insideRanging from Durkheim's original lecture in sociology to an excerpt from the work incomplete at his death, these selections illuminate his multiple approaches to the crucial concept of social solidarity and the study of institutions as ... The Effects of the Mexican Drug Trade over the Past Sixty Years. This book examines the rapid development of the fundamental concept of a crime in international criminal law from a comparative law perspective. Kidnappings have many effects on victims including: compromising their ability to trust, undermining their ability to feel safe, and causing the suffering they face with Stockholm syndrome. PE 536.393, Kidnap and ransom today. It is increasing in frequency, expanding in scope and changing in dimensions. In both countries, we find that early marriage increases coital frequency, decreases condom use, and virtually eliminates girls' ability to abstain from sex. Regardless of its outcome, the Iraq War has had a transformative effect on the Middle East. Conclusively, poverty leads to, communities, families and the vulnerable groups in devising various measures toward, because the various insurgent groups in the northern and southern parts of the, in Nigeria and neighbouring states, throug, for anti-human trafficking shall also intensify, penalties against kidnappers. Found insideTwenty essays by four generations of Nigerian scholars are included in this volume, the first to examine the historical, political, economic and comparative dimensions of attempts by the military to restructure the Nigerian federation. With fieldworks in two purposively selected states in the southern regions of Nigeria, the study recommends among others, the creation of a specialized court with the mandate to convict suspects/sponsors of kidnapping business if found guilty within a stipulated timeframe. The Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995 was a domestic terrorist event as was the kidnapping of members of Parliament by Colombian terrorists. 1-4. A runaway is a minor or (depending upon the local jurisdiction) a person under a specified age, who has left their parents or legal guardians without permission. Found inside – Page 41A parental report on the long-term consequences for children of abduction by the ... /file/340315/count-generaljuly-2014.pdf (accessed 18 September 2014). This study examined the causes and consequences of kidnapping in contemporary Nigeria. This research examines the relationship between violent conflict and childhood wasting in Northeast Nigeria, where residents have been subjected to fighting between the Nigerian government and Boko Haram - an extremist Islamist movement - since 2009. Maryland Abbreviated Chart of Immigration Consequences, 2/4/11 revision 2 W A R N I N G S In order to give competent advice about the immigration consequences of criminal activity, an attorney must have broad knowledge of the immigration law. ... To date, terrorism as a form of modern slavery is under-researched, with comprehensive statistics difficult to come by due to its complexities, and operational procedures of terrorists in recent times. manitarian needs and doing what it can to mitigate the effects of climate change in Found inside – Page 189Revised December 2000. . Hofstede, Geert. Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and ... Runaway (dependent) Not to be confused with child abandonment. BY: ATOLAYE OLAWALE McJOSH INTRODUCTION Kidnapping is now part of some Nigerians daily routine, so many Nigerians both young and old (most especially the youths) as taken kidnapping as a business where wholesome of money is gotten. Consequences - The Wave of Kidnapping and Slavery in Nigeria The United Nations classifies >traditional slavery, forced labour, debt bondage, serfdom, children working in slavery or slavery-like conditions, domestic servitude, sexual slavery, and servile forms of marriage ? Soon after the kidnapping, reports surfaced that Boko Haram may have transferred many of the girls from Nigeria to Cameroon, Chad and as far as Central African Republic's Birao region near Sudan.1 In a video After ones release, the next step is healing. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. tendency (Ibrahim & Mukhtar, 2016, p. 81). The aim of the study is to investigate the causes, dimensions and consequences of the phenomenon of kidnapping with a view to combat its occurrence. (a) Any person who shall unlawfully confine, restrain, or remove from one place to another, any other person 16 years of age or over without the consent of such person, or any other person under the age of 16 years without the consent of a parent or legal custodian of such person, . Is there any backlash with this strategy? This paper takes the case of a prevalent organized crime in Nigeria - kidnapping - to establish how such a menace implies for national security. Besides, many have died as a result of clashes . The effects of rape can include both the initial physical trauma as well as deep psychological trauma. In the past two decades, hundreds of convicted prisoners have been exonerated by DNA and non-DNA evidence, revealing that police-induced false confessions are a leading cause of wrongful conviction of the innocent. The magnitude of its occurrence is such that, hardly a day passes without a reported kidnapping incident, yet, the unreported cases are likely higher. away and unlawful detention of a person against According to Uzorma and Nwanego (2014), kidnapping and hostage taking is among the terrorizing crimes in Nigeria . Lastly, remember that kidnapping is illegal. Three factors distinguish these traumas from other forms of violence and make them particularly Policy The main thrust of this study was to investigate the problem of kidnapping and its consequences on Nigerians in general and Uyo dwellers in particular. Kidnapping has become a major source of revenue and is widespread, while attacks have occurred in Lagos and Kano. An appreciation of the shortcomings of government action on the streets of the inner city raises questions about the extent of the reach of the EPRDF's state into the grass roots of urban society as well as about the ways in which dissent is voiced in a context where forms of political surveillance and control are expanding. Consequences of Cultural Colonialism An analysis of Ruperake Petaias "Kidnapped" Kidnapped is a poem, written by Ruperake Petaia in 1980. The findings of the study revealed poverty, widespread unemployment, moral decadence as well as payment of ransom by families of kidnap victims as key catalysts of kidnap for ransom in Kaduna state. 0 Nigerians and non Nigerians residing in the country are living in fear as regards who will be the next kidnap victim, since kidnappers spare no one as far as their motives are actualised. Hence, it is recommended that the Nigerian government should work on the needs of these entities with policymakers, non-governmental organisations, and private bodies to ensure communal peace is restored. Thus, using qualitative techniques of data collection, a sample of 10 victims of kidnapping and 5 security personnel was drawn through a purposive sampling technique, upon which the analysis of the study was based. Petaia is at the time of the story a Samoan boy, trapped by British colonisation. After ones release, the next step is healing. DG Four types of victimization, including being hit, kicked, or beaten by It simply means deliberate exposure of one's body to the public. Moreover, husbands of married girls are about three times more likely to be HIV-positive than are boyfriends of single girls. The activities of the group changed in 2009 after the Nigerian government crackdown on its followers as a result of which spiritual and political leader Muhammad Yusuf was killed. The concept of kidnapping and the worrisome challenges, effects and eventual consequences it portends to any growing economy like Nigeria and the world over has been a subject matter of serious concern to both policy makers, government, political The country faces many problems, including unemployment, corruption, and low rates of education—but it is kidnapping, thanks to high-profile incidents perpetrated by the Islamic militant group known as Boko Haram, that has drawn the world's attention. It is against this background that this study, underpinned by routine activities theory, employed a thematic study approach to assess roadmap to tackling insurgency, armed banditry and kidnapping in the North West region of Nigeria. Security service abuses are likely a driver of some popular support for or acquiescence to Boko Haram. EXPO/B/PolDep/Note/2014_113. We recommend both school and home adequate monitoring of students peers and friends at home and schools to prevent them from bad groups, adequate legislation to curb youth participation in kidnapping, good leadership examples for young ones to emulate and value reorientation of youths should be given top priority in educational curriculum. Table 3: Broad categories of kidnapping S/n Category Instance/description 1. The paper unveiled some common causes of kidnapping and their consequences in Nigeria as a nation state that is characterized by poverty, unemployment, insecurity, corruption, weak constitutional framework and poor policies implementation. This study reports on the most recent series of interviews. parenting plan action . While many of the hallmarks of terrorism, such as violence . The concept of kidnapping and the worrisome challenges, effects and eventual consequences it portends to any growing economy like Nigeria and the world over has been a subject matter of serious concern to both policy makers, government, political B, reports of significant ransom payments, which have then, narrowed it the Southern Nigeria, where, correlates of kidnapping in the entire Nig, without their consent with the motive of holding the p, profit from their family”. Problems with the urogenital system, such as signs of urethritis and cystitis, vaginal itching, menstrual irregularities . Causes, Effects and Issues of Homeless People Osama Alowaimer* Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia . The Nigerian Acknowledgements -- Introduction and legal context -- Key components of an effective criminal justice response to terrorism -- Criminal justice accountability and oversight mechanisms Instead of getting money from other sources that are legal, but… The causes and remedies of kidnapping in Nigeria. Ibrahim, et al. Yet the fact that the government, This paper examined the problem of kidnapping and its consequences in Nigeria. First, 3Also related is Acemoglu et al.'s (2005) research on the effects of the Atlantic three-corner trade in Europe. Chi-square analytical tool was used to analyze elicited data at 0.05 level of significance. Students’ Kidnapping and Security Brouhaha: Implications on Secondary Schools in Lagos Metropolis,... KIDNAP FOR RANSOM: EXPLORING THE CATALYSTS IN KADUNA STATE, NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA. This study examined Kwara central undergraduates’ perceived peer pressure on youths’ involvement in kidnapping. They include: poverty, unemployment, politics and religion. The idea of The Fingerprint Sourcebook originated during a meeting in April 2002. v . In this thoroughly updated edition, John Campbell explores Nigeria’s post-colonial history and presents a nuanced explanation of the events and conditions that have carried this complex, dynamic, and very troubled giant to the edge. It has generated a frenzy-like situation among members of the public. PARENTAL KIDNAPPING IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE Caution - If you locate your child, consider the consequences before kidnapping him back. We assess education funding across the six geopolitical zones between 2010 and 2019 using content analysis of the respective states. This may be the case with African indigenous games that have been played in various settings to define the Africanness of given communities.

Homes For Rent By Private Owners In Memphis, Tn, Melbourne International Exhibition, Chelsea All-in-one-kitchen, Paradise Valley Estates, Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow Writer,